The repression and poor conditions to which the enslaved Africans in Brazil were subjected led to a point where more and more slaves, revolted with their condition, ran from the senzalas to remote locations where they could hardly be recaptured by their former lords. The escape of slaves gave rise to small concentrations in remote places named quilombos or mocambos. With the abolition of the slavery of blacks in Brazil (1888) these lands were donated by the former lords, purchased or naturally occupied. However, only a century later, in 1988, were the quilombola communities legally recognized. Despite this recognition, even today the quilombolas' rights are violated. Not only the right to property – through violent conflicts – but also basic human rights like the access to health, education or sustainable income sources. Kilombos is not a film about slavery or about the struggle for the properties’ entitlement. Shot in several communities in the Maranhão State, Kilombos intends to be a rescue of memories and narratives of a contemporary culture, a contribution to a visual anthropology of ideas, practices and artifacts that are also part of the Brazil of our days. Kilombos is an initiative of the “The Quilombos path: from Africa to Brazil and the return to the origins" project that aims to contribute to an intercultural dialogue.